Physical Education - Year 13

Physical Education Overview

Term 1 - 5: Exercise Physiology

Students will learn about diet and nutrition and their effect on physical activity and performance. Following this students will learn about preparation and training methods in relation to maintaining physical activity and performance. Injury prevention and the rehabilitation of injury will also be covered as part of this unit.

  1. 40 minute mid-term assessments for each of the topics above

    2 hour exam encompassing all of exercise physiology

Balanced Diet

a diet containing a variety of foods from each of the food groups so there is an adequate intake of nutrients.

Glycogen

the stored form of glucose.

Glucose

a simple sugar. Major source of energy.

Dehydration

occurs when the body is losing more water than its taking in.

Glycogen Loading

dietary manipulation to increase glycogen stores.

Creatine

a compound the body can make naturally which supplies energy for muscular contractions.

Quantitative Data

can be written down or measured in numbers.

Qualitative Data

is decriptive and looks at the way people think or feel.

Objective

Involves facts.

Subjective

Involves opinion

Validity

When the test actually measures what it sets out to do.

Reliability

means the test can be repeated accurately.

Adaptation

a change that takes place as a result of training.

Periodisation

dividing the training year into specific blocks, for a specific purpose.

  • Spiritual
  • Moral
  • Social
  • Cultural
Develop the individual:

Students learn about how the body works in different situations. Through learning more about the human body students should value their body more and aim to maintain or improve health and fitness.

Create a supportive community:

Teacher will go out of their way to support those who are finding certain topics difficult.

Term 1 - 5: Biomechanics

During this unit, students will study the biomechanical principles and levers. Linear motion, angular motion, projectile motion and fluid mechanics will also be taught. Students are expected to be able to apply these principles to sporting examples.

  1. 40 minute mid-term assessments for each of the topics above

    2 hour exam encompassing all of biomechanics

Linear motion

motion in a straight line.

Inertia

the resistance of an object to change its state of motion.

Ground Reaction Force

the equal and opposite force exerted on a performer who applies muscular force on the ground.

Scalar

when measuresments are described in terms of size or magnitude.

Centre of Balance

this is the point of balance.

Fulcrum

the point at which the lever rotates.

Resistance

the weight to be moved by the lever system.

Effort

the force applied by the muscle.

Speed

a measurement in metres / seconds of a body's movement per unit of time with no reference to direction.

Velocity

Measured in metres / second and is the rate of change of displacement

Acceleration

measured in m/s2 and is the rate of change of velocity.

Momentum

Mass (KG) x Velocity (m/s)

Reaction Force

This occurs when two bodies are in contact with one another.

Friction

Occurs when two or more bodies are in contact with one another.

Air Resistance

a force that acts in the opposite direction to th emotion of the body travelling through the air.

Impulse

force x time

Angular Motion

movement around a fixed point.

Angular Velocity

the rate of change of angular dispalcement.

Parabola

a curve with matching left and right sides.

Drag Force

a force that acts in opposition to motion.

Streamlining

involves shaping a body so it can move as effectively and quickly through a fluid as possible.

Bernoulli

where air molecules exert less pressure the faster they travel and more pressure when they travel slower.

  • Spiritual
  • Moral
  • Social
  • Cultural
Develop the individual:

Students learn about how the body works in different situations. Through learning more about the human body students should value their body more and aim to maintain or improve health and fitness.

Create a supportive community:

Teacher will go out of their way to support those who are finding certain topics difficult.

Term 1 - 5: Psychology of Sport

In the psychology of sport, students will learn about personality, attitudes and arousal. Following this the unit leads on to anxiety, agression and motivation. Social facilitation, group dynamics, target setting and attribution theory is also taught. Finally, the unit finishes with learning about self efficacy, home advantage, leadership and stress.

  1. 40 minute mid-term assessments for each of the topics above

    2 hour exam encompassing all of the psychology of sport

Achievement Motivation

the tendency to approach or avoid competitive situations.

NACH

need to achieve.

NAF

need to avoid failure

Confidence

a belief in the ability to master a task.

Trait Confidence

a belief in the ability to do well in a range of sports.

State Confidence

a belief in the ability to master a specific sporting moment.

Self Efficacy

a belief in teh ability to master a specific sporting situation.

Vicarious Experience

seeing others do the task.

Verbal Persuasion

encouragement from others

Emotional Arousal

A perception of the effects of anxiety on performance.

Prescribed Leader

appointed from outside the group.

Emergent Leader

appointed from within the group.

Autocratic Approach

Leader makes the decisions.

Democratic

decisions made by the group.

Stress

a negative response of the body to a threat causing anxiety.

Eustress

A positive response of the body to a threat.

Cue Utilisation

the ability to process information is dierctly linked to the level of arousal.

Attribution

a perception of the reason for an outcome of an event.

Learned Helplessness

using internal stable reasons for losing.

Extrovert

extroverts have loud and bright personalities.

Social Learning Theory

behaviour is learned from significant others by socialisation.

Attitude

a value aimed at an attitude object.

Cognitive Dissonance

new information given to the performer to cause unease and motivate change.

Arousal

a level of activation, a degreeof readiness to perform.

Drive Theory

as arousal increases so does performance.

Inverted U Theory

theory linking arousal and performance by stating that increased arousal improves performance to an optimal point at moderate levels of arousal.

Catastrophe Theory

theory suggesting increased arousal improves performance to an optimal point but there is a dramatic reduction in performance when arousal increases beyond an optimal point.

Anxiety

a level of nerves and irrational thinking.

Agression

intent to harm outside the rules, hosyile behaviour.

Assertion

well motivated behaviour within the rules.

Catharsis

Cleansing the emotions, using sport as an outlet for aggression.

Motivation

a drive to succeed.

Social Inhibition

The negative effect of the presence of others on performance.

Social Facilitation

the positive effect of the presence of others on performance.

Cohesion

the tendency for individuals to work together to achieve their goals, the forces that keep the group members on task.

Task Cohesion

individuals working together to achieve an end result.

Social Cohesion

Individuals relating to each other to interact in the group.

Social Loafing

individual loss of motivation in a team player due to a lack of performance identification when individual efforts are not recognised.

Goal setting

setting targets

Outcome Goals

a goal set against the performance

Performance Goals

when the athlete sets a goal to better their own performance rather than comparing to others.

  • Spiritual
  • Moral
  • Social
  • Cultural
Develop the individual:

Students will develop an understanding of psychology and it its crucial role within sport. Students will see that psychology impacts on all aspects of life and not just sport

Create a supportive community:

Teacher will go out of their way to support those who are finding certain topics difficult.

Term 1 - 5: Technology in Sport

Students will learn about the concepts of physical activity. Ethics in sport will be covered and this will be linked to the role of technology in particular. Students will learn how sport is linked to the law and how commercialism impacts sport.

  1. 40 minute mid-term assessments for each of the topics above

    2 hour exam encompassing all of technology in sport

Characteristics

key features used to identify a particular concept e.g. enjoyment.

Leisure

free time during which individuals can choose what to do.

Participation Level

an emphasis on taking part recreationally with enjoyment as a key motivator to participate.

Outdoor education

activities which take place in the natural environment and utilise nature / geographical resources such as mountains, rivers, lakes etc.

School Sport Partnerships

the creation of increased opportunities for school sport via junior / primary school working together with secondary schools and further education providers.

Talent Identification

the multi disciplanry screening of athletes in order to identify those with the potential for world class success.

Elite

the best, highest level sports performers at excellence level.

Socio-economic staus

an individuals position in the social structure, which depends on their job, level of income and area they live in.

Sexism

discrimination on the basis of sex / gender.

National Governing Body

an organisation which has the responsibility for managing its own particular sport.

Whole Sport Plan

a business plan submitted to Sport England outlining the NGB's strategies to increase participation and enhance talent in the sports they are responsible for.

Performance Pathway Team

a combination of EIS and UK Sport expertise used to identify and develop world class talent.

Amateurism

participation in sport for the love of it.

Sportsmanship

conforming to the rules spirit and etiquette of a sport.

Gamesmanship

bending of the rules.

Positive Deviance

behaviour which is outside the norms of society with no intent to harm or break the rules.

Negative Deviance

behaviour that goes against the norms and has a detrimental effect on individuals and society in general.

Violence in Sport

physical acts committed to harm others in sport.

TMO

Television Match Official

Hooliganism

acts of vandalism in public places committed especially by youths.

Doping

this refers to the taking of banned performance enhancing substances.

WADA

World Anti Doping Agency

Bosman Ruling

a ruling by the european court of justice which gave a professional football player the right to a free transfer at the end of their contract.

Negligence

conduct that falls below reasonable person standard and leads to a breach in the duty of care.

Sports Analytics

studying data from sports performances to try to improve performance.

  • Spiritual
  • Moral
  • Social
  • Cultural
Develop the individual:

Students will understand the tension between advances in technology with meeting the requirements of the laws of certain sports. This tension applies in many other walks of life too and this will enable students to evaluate to a higher level and therefore make better choices in the future regarding difficult decisions.

Create a supportive community:

Teacher will go out of their way to support those who are finding certain topics difficult.